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Saturday, April 23, 2011

default BGP MED value is 0

https://learningnetwork.cisco.com/docs/DOC-2480


  • An AS is a collection of networks under a single technical administration
  • An IGP is run inside an AS, an EGP is run between AS.
Desing Goals for Interdomain Routing
  • Scalability
  • Secure routing information exchange
  • Support for routing policies
BGP Characteristics
  • Reliable updates
  • Triggered updates only
  • Rich metrics
BGP performing areas
  • Interdomain routing applications
  • Huge internetworks
  • Environments that require complex routing policies
BGP uses
  • Customers connected to more than one service provider
  • Service provider networks
  • Service providers exchanging traffic
  • Network core
Lesson 2: Understanding BGP Path Attributes
Well-Know
  • Mandatory
    • Origin
    • AS-path
    • Next-hop
  • Discretional
    • Local preference (default value = 100)
    • Atomic aggregate
Optional
  • Transitive
    • Aggregator
    • Community (default value = nonexistent)
  • Nontransitive
    • MED (default value = 0 )
Cisco-defined
  • Weight (default value = 32768)
Lesson 3: Establishing BGP Sessions
BGP States
  • Idle
  • Active
  • OpenSent
  • OpenConfirm
  • Established
BGP Open message parameters
  • Version number
  • AS number
  • Holdtime
  • BGP identifier
  • Optional parameters(Type,TLV, authentication)
BGP Keepalive
  • Default value 60 seconds
BGP Holdtime
  • Default value 180 seconds
Lesson 4: Processing BGP Routes
BGP Route Selection Criteria
  • Router check next-hop attribute, excludes routes with inaccessible next-hop
  • Prefer the route with the higher weight. (Value considered local to router)
  • Prefer the route with the higher local preference (within AS)
  • Prefer the route that router originated (redistribution)
  • Prefer shortest AS path
  • Prefer lowest origin code
  • Prefer lowest MED
  • Prefer external EBGP paths
  • IBGP paths closest IGP neighbor
  • EBGP paths oldest path
  • Paths from router with the lowest BGP router-ID
Lesson 5: Configuring Basic BGP
Configuring MD5 Authentication
  • The first character cannot be a number.
  • The string can contain any alphanumeric characters, including spaces.
  • You cannot specify a password in the format "number-space-anything"
Announcing Networks in BGP
  • Manually configure networks
  • Use redistribution
  • Use aggregation to announce summary prefixes
Configuring Classless BGP
  • BGP4 supports CIDR
  • Any BGP router can advertise individual networks or supernets
  • Prefix notation is used with BGP
BGP support for TTL security check
  • Lightweight security
  • Protects the EBGP peering sessions
  • Supportsdirectly connected peering and multihop peering sessions
Lesson 6: Monitoring and troubleshooting BGP
Common BGP session startup symptoms
  • BGP neighbor do not become active
  • BGP neighbor is active, session never established
  • BGP neighbor oscillates between idle and active
Common BGP session startup problems
  • BGP Neighbor not reachable
  • BGP Neighbor not configured
  • BGP AS number mismatch

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