https://learningnetwork.cisco.com/docs/DOC-2480
- An AS is a collection of networks under a single technical administration
- An IGP is run inside an AS, an EGP is run between AS.
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Desing Goals for Interdomain Routing | - Scalability
- Secure routing information exchange
- Support for routing policies
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BGP Characteristics | - Reliable updates
- Triggered updates only
- Rich metrics
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BGP performing areas | - Interdomain routing applications
- Huge internetworks
- Environments that require complex routing policies
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BGP uses | - Customers connected to more than one service provider
- Service provider networks
- Service providers exchanging traffic
- Network core
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Lesson 2: Understanding BGP Path Attributes |
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Well-Know | - Mandatory
- Discretional
- Local preference (default value = 100)
- Atomic aggregate
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Optional | - Transitive
- Aggregator
- Community (default value = nonexistent)
- Nontransitive
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Cisco-defined | - Weight (default value = 32768)
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Lesson 3: Establishing BGP Sessions |
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BGP States | - Idle
- Active
- OpenSent
- OpenConfirm
- Established
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BGP Open message parameters | - Version number
- AS number
- Holdtime
- BGP identifier
- Optional parameters(Type,TLV, authentication)
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BGP Keepalive | |
BGP Holdtime | - Default value 180 seconds
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Lesson 4: Processing BGP Routes |
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BGP Route Selection Criteria | - Router check next-hop attribute, excludes routes with inaccessible next-hop
- Prefer the route with the higher weight. (Value considered local to router)
- Prefer the route with the higher local preference (within AS)
- Prefer the route that router originated (redistribution)
- Prefer shortest AS path
- Prefer lowest origin code
- Prefer lowest MED
- Prefer external EBGP paths
- IBGP paths closest IGP neighbor
- EBGP paths oldest path
- Paths from router with the lowest BGP router-ID
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Lesson 5: Configuring Basic BGP |
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Configuring MD5 Authentication | - The first character cannot be a number.
- The string can contain any alphanumeric characters, including spaces.
- You cannot specify a password in the format "number-space-anything"
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Announcing Networks in BGP | - Manually configure networks
- Use redistribution
- Use aggregation to announce summary prefixes
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Configuring Classless BGP | - BGP4 supports CIDR
- Any BGP router can advertise individual networks or supernets
- Prefix notation is used with BGP
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BGP support for TTL security check | - Lightweight security
- Protects the EBGP peering sessions
- Supportsdirectly connected peering and multihop peering sessions
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Lesson 6: Monitoring and troubleshooting BGP |
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Common BGP session startup symptoms | - BGP neighbor do not become active
- BGP neighbor is active, session never established
- BGP neighbor oscillates between idle and active
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Common BGP session startup problems | - BGP Neighbor not reachable
- BGP Neighbor not configured
- BGP AS number mismatch
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